| Type: | Family | Name: | Matrix metalloproteinase-9 |
| Description: | Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent and calcium-dependent proteases that cleave within a polypeptide (endopeptidases). They degrade most components of the extracellular matrix (such as growth factors, their binding proteins, and other bioactive molecules, as well as binding sites for cell-surface molecules) and some non-extracellular-matrix molecules []. Two categories of MMPs can be recognised based on their cellular localisation: soluble vs. membrane-bound. The soluble MMPs are divided into the collagenases (MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13), gelatinases (MMP2 and MMP9), stromelysins (MMP3, MMP12) and those yet to be classified. The membrane-bound MMPs include MT1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and their hallmark is the presence of plasma membrane anchoring domains []. MMPs are highly expressed in various cancers, both by tumour cells and in surrounding stromal cells such as macrophages []. This entry represents matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9, also known as gelatinase B), which is involved in matrix remodelling during the normal processes of embryogenesis, tissue remodelling and development []. It is released extracellularly in a pro-form with the enzymatic site covered by a propeptide that has to be cleaved off to reveal the activity. MMP9 can cleave gelatin types I and V and collagen types IV and V []. It plays an essential role in local proteolysis of the extracellular matrix and in leukocyte migration [, ]. MMP9 is one of the key regulators for remodelling skeletal tissues [], and could play a role in bone osteoclastic resorption triggered by inflammatory processes [, ]. MMP9 also has a role in synaptic plasticity []. MMP9 cleaves the metastasis suppressor gene product KiSS1 []. | Short Name: | MMP9 |
| GO Term | Gene Name |
|---|---|
| GO:0004222 | IPR028688 |
| GO:0001503 | IPR028688 |
| GO:0006508 | IPR028688 |
| GO:0030574 | IPR028688 |
| GO:0050900 | IPR028688 |
| GO Term | Gene Name |
|---|---|
| GO:0004222 | IPR028688 |
| GO:0001503 | IPR028688 |
| GO:0006508 | IPR028688 |
| GO:0030574 | IPR028688 |
| GO:0050900 | IPR028688 |
