| Type: | Conserved_site | Name: | Pancreatic hormone-like, conserved site |
| Description: | Pancreatic hormone (PP) [] is a peptide synthesized in pancreatic islets of Langherhans, which acts as a regulator of pancreatic and gastrointestinal functions.The hormone is produced as a larger propeptide, which is enzymatically cleaved to yield the mature active peptide: this is 36 amino acids in length [] and has an amidated C terminus []. The hormone has a globular structure, residues 2-8 forming a left-handed poly-proline-II-like helix, residues 9-13 a beta turn, and 14-32 an alpha-helix,held close to the first helix by hydrophobic interactions []. Unlike glucagon, another peptide hormone, the structure of pancreatic peptide is preserved in aqueous solution []. Both N and C termini are required for activity: receptor binding and activation functions may reside in the N and C termini respectively [].Pancreatic hormone is part of a wider family of active peptides that includes: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) [], one of the most abundant peptides in the mammalian nervous system. NPY is implicated in the control of feeding and the secretion of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.Peptide YY (PYY) []. PPY is a gut peptide that inhibits exocrine pancreatic secretion, has a vasoconstrictory action and inhibits jejunal and colonic mobility.Various NPY and PYY-like polypeptides from fish and amphibians [, ].Neuropeptide F (NPF) from invertebrates such as worms and snail.Skin peptide Tyr-Tyr (SPYY) from the frog Phyllomedusa bicolor. SPYY shows a large spectra of antibacterial and antifungal activity.All these peptides are 36 to 39 amino acids long. Like most active peptides, their C-terminal is amidated and they are synthesized as larger protein precursors.This entry represents a conserved region corresponding to the C-terminal end of the active peptide. | Short Name: | Pancreatic_hormone-like_CS |
