| Type: | Family | Name: | Methionyl-tRNA synthetase |
| Description: | The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (also known as aminoacyl-tRNA ligase) catalyse the attachment of an amino acid to its cognate transfer RNA molecule in a highly specific two-step reaction. These proteins differ widely in size and oligomeric state, and have limited sequence homology []. The 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are divided into two classes, I and II. Class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases contain a characteristic Rossman fold catalytic domain and are mostly monomeric []. Class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases share an anti-parallel beta-sheet fold flanked by alpha-helices [], and are mostly dimeric or multimeric, containing at least three conserved regions [, , ]. However, tRNA binding involves an alpha-helical structure that is conserved between class I and class II synthetases. In reactions catalysed by the class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, the aminoacyl group is coupled to the 2'-hydroxyl of the tRNA, while, in class II reactions, the 3'-hydroxyl site is preferred. The synthetases specific for arginine, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan and valine belong to class I synthetases. The synthetases specific for alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, lysine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, and threonine belong to class-II synthetases. Based on their mode of binding to the tRNA acceptor stem, both classes of tRNA synthetases have been subdivided into three subclasses, designated 1a, 1b, 1c and 2a, 2b, 2c.Methionine-tRNA ligase () is an alpha 2 dimer. In some species (archaea, eubacteria and eukaryotes) a coding sequence, similar to the C-terminal end of MetRS, is present as an independent gene which is a tRNA binding domain as a dimer. In eubacteria, MetRS can also be split in two sub-classes corresponding to the presence of one or two CXXC domainsspecific to zinc binding. The crystal structures of a number of methionine-tRNA ligases are known [, , ]. | Short Name: | Met-tRNA_synth |
| DB identifier | Type | Name |
|---|---|---|
| IPR001412 | Conserved_site | Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, class I, conserved site |
| GO Term | Gene Name |
|---|---|
| GO:0000166 | IPR014758 |
| GO:0004825 | IPR014758 |
| GO:0005524 | IPR014758 |
| GO:0006431 | IPR014758 |
| GO:0005737 | IPR014758 |
| GO Term | Gene Name |
|---|---|
| GO:0000166 | IPR014758 |
| GO:0004825 | IPR014758 |
| GO:0005524 | IPR014758 |
| GO:0006431 | IPR014758 |
| GO:0005737 | IPR014758 |
