Protein Domain : IPR004736

Type:  Family Name:  Citrate-proton symport
Description:  Recent genome-sequencing data and a wealth of biochemical and molecular genetic investigations have revealed the occurrence of dozens of families of primary and secondary transporters. Two such families have been found to occur ubiquitously in all classifications of living organisms. These are the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily and the major facilitator superfamily (MFS), also called the uniporter-symporter-antiporter family. While ABC family permeases are in general multicomponent primary active transporters, capable of transporting both small molecules and macromolecules in response to ATP hydrolysis the MFS transporters are single-polypeptide secondary carriers capable only of transporting small solutes in response to chemiosmotic ion gradients. Although well over 100 families of transporters have now been recognised and classified, the ABC superfamily and MFS account for nearly half of the solute transporters encoded within the genomes of microorganisms. They are also prevalent in higher organisms. The importance of these two families of transport systems to living organisms can therefore not be overestimated [].The MFS was originally believed to function primarily in the uptake of sugars but subsequent studies revealed that drug efflux systems, Krebs cycle metabolites, organophosphate:phosphate exchangers, oligosaccharide:H1 symport permeases, and bacterial aromatic acid permeases were all members of the MFS. These observations led to the probability that the MFS is far more widespread in nature and far more diverse in function than had been thought previously. 17 subgroups of the MFS have been identified [].Evidence suggests that the MFS permeases arose by a tandem intragenic duplication event in the early prokaryotes. This event generated a 2-transmembrane-spanner (TMS) protein topology from a primordial 6-TMS unit. Surprisingly, all currently recognised MFS permeases retain the two six-TMS units within a single polypeptide chain, although in 3 of the 17 MFS families, an additional two TMSs are found []. Moreover, the well-conserved MFS specific motif between TMS2 and TMS3 and the related but less well conserved motif between TMS8 and TMS9 [] prove to be a characteristic of virtually all of the more than 300 MFS proteins identified.This entry represents the metabolite-H(+) symport (MHS) subfamily of the MFS. Members include citrate-proton symporters [], alpha-ketoglutarate permease [], shikimate transporters [], and the proline/betaine transporter ProP []. Short Name:  Cit_H_symport
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0 Child Features

1 Contains

DB identifier Type Name
IPR005829 Conserved_site Sugar transporter, conserved site

1 Cross References

Identifier
TIGR00883

0 Found In

3 GO Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0005215 IPR004736
GO:0006810 IPR004736
GO:0016021 IPR004736

3 Ontology Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0005215 IPR004736
GO:0006810 IPR004736
GO:0016021 IPR004736

1 Parent Features

DB identifier Type Name
IPR005828 Family Major facilitator, sugar transporter-like

3 Proteins

DB identifier UniProt Accession Secondary Identifier Organism Name Length
Brdisv1pangenome1010244m.p PAC:33624453 Brachypodium distachyon Pangenome 464  
Brdisv1BdTR11A1042616m.p PAC:35692821 Brachypodium distachyon BdTR11a 398  
Brdisv1BdTR11A1040822m.p PAC:35693181 Brachypodium distachyon BdTR11a 464  

7 Publications

First Author Title Year Journal Volume Pages PubMed ID
            9529885
            8987357
            1970645
            1718953
            14643666
            8419306
            9524262