Protein Domain : IPR003805

Type:  Family Name:  Adenosylcobinamide-GDP ribazoletransferase
Description:  Cobalamin (vitamin B12) is a structurally complex cofactor, consisting of a modified tetrapyrrole with a centrally chelated cobalt. Cobalamin is usually found in one of two biologically active forms: methylcobalamin and adocobalamin. Most prokaryotes, as well as animals, have cobalamin-dependent enzymes, whereas plants and fungi do not appear to use it. In bacteria and archaea, these include methionine synthase, ribonucleotide reductase, glutamate and methylmalonyl-CoA mutases, ethanolamine ammonia lyase, and diol dehydratase []. In mammals, cobalamin is obtained through the diet, and is required for methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase []. There are at least two distinct cobalamin biosynthetic pathways in bacteria []:Aerobic pathway that requires oxygen and in which cobalt is inserted late in the pathway []; found in Pseudomonas denitrificansand Rhodobacter capsulatus.Anaerobic pathway in which cobalt insertion is the first committed step towards cobalamin synthesis [, ]; found in Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus megaterium, and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii. Either pathway can be divided into two parts: (1) corrin ring synthesis (differs in aerobic and anaerobic pathways) and (2) adenosylation of corrin ring, attachment of aminopropanol arm, and assembly of the nucleotide loop (common to both pathways) []. There are about 30 enzymes involved in either pathway, where those involved in the aerobic pathway are prefixed Cob and those of the anaerobic pathway Cbi. Several of these enzymes are pathway-specific: CbiD, CbiG, and CbiK are specific to the anaerobic route of S. typhimurium, whereas CobE, CobF, CobG, CobN, CobS, CobT, and CobW are unique to the aerobic pathway of P. denitrificans.This entry represents the CobS protein, which joins adenosylcobinamide-GDP and alpha-ribazole to generate adenosylcobalamin (Ado-cobalamin) and also synthesizes adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate from adenosylcobinamide-GDP and alpha-ribazole 5'-phosphate []. It catalyses the reactions:Adenosylcobinamide-GDP + alpha-ribazole = GMP + adenosylcobalaminAdenosylcobinamide-GDP + alpha-ribazole 5'-phosphate = GMP + adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphateThe protein product from these catalyses is associated with a large complex of proteins and is induced by cobinamide. CobS is involved in part III of cobalamin biosynthesis, one of the late steps in adenosylcobalamin synthesis that, together with CobU, CobT, and CobC proteins, defines the nucleotide loop assembly pathway [, ]. Short Name:  CobS
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0 Child Features

0 Contains

3 Cross Referencess

Identifier
PF02654
TIGR00317
MF_00719

0 Found In

3 GO Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0008818 IPR003805
GO:0051073 IPR003805
GO:0009236 IPR003805

3 Ontology Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0008818 IPR003805
GO:0051073 IPR003805
GO:0009236 IPR003805

0 Parent Features

5 Proteins

DB identifier UniProt Accession Secondary Identifier Organism Name Length
43022 C1N752 PAC:27348516 Micromonas pusilla CCMP1545 867  
Cre01.g036950.t1.2 A0A2K3E738 PAC:30789554 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 389  
Dusal.0087s00008.1.p PAC:33189734 Dunaliella salina 258  
Pum0208s0032.1.p A0A1X6P5Q3 PAC:38014545 Porphyra umbilicalis 327  
Bobra.182_1s0030.1.p PAC:40706844 Botryococcus braunii 282  

10 Publications

First Author Title Year Journal Volume Pages PubMed ID
            11215515
            11153269
            12869542
            17163662
            16042605
            12055304
            23922391
            10518530
            15133100
            17209023