Protein Domain : IPR006052

Type:  Domain Name:  Tumour necrosis factor domain
Description:  Cytokines can be grouped into a family on the basis of sequence, functional and structural similarities [, , ]. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (also known as TNF-alpha or cachectin) is a monocyte-derived cytotoxin that has been implicated in tumour regression, septic shock and cachexia [, ]. The protein is synthesised as a prohormone with an unusually long and atypical signal sequence, which is absent from the mature secreted cytokine []. A short hydrophobic stretch of amino acids serves to anchor the prohormone in lipid bilayers []. Both the mature protein and a partially-processed form of the hormone are secreted after cleavage of the propeptide [].There are a number of different families of TNF, but all these cytokines seem to form homotrimeric (or heterotrimeric in the case of LT-alpha/beta) complexes that are recognised by their specific receptors. The following cytokines can be grouped into a family on the basis of sequence, functional, and structural similarities [, , ]: Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) (also known as cachectin or TNF-alpha) [, ] is a cytokine which has a wide variety of functions. It can cause cytolysis of certain tumor cell lines; it is involved in the induction of cachexia; it is a potent pyrogen, causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion; finally, it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation under certain conditions.Lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha) and lymphotoxin-beta (LT-beta), two related cytokines produced by lymphocytes and which are cytotoxic for a wide range of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo []. T cell antigen gp39 (CD40L), a cytokine which seems to be important in B-cell development and activation.CD27L, a cytokine which plays a role in T-cell activation. It induces the proliferation of costimulated T cells and enhances the generation of cytolytic T cells. CD30L, a cytokine which induces proliferation of T cells.FASL, a cytokine involved in cell death [].4-1BBL, a inducible T cell surface molecule that contributes to T-cell stimulation.OX40L, a cytokine that co-stimulates T cell proliferation and cytokine production [].TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), a cytokine that induces apoptosis [].TNF-alpha is synthesised as a type II membrane protein which then undergoes post-translational cleavage liberating the extracellular domain. CD27L, CD30L, CD40L, FASL, LT-beta, 4-1BBL and TRAIL also appear to be type II membrane proteins. LT-alpha is a secreted protein. All these cytokines seem to form homotrimeric (or heterotrimeric in the case of LT-alpha/beta) complexes that are recognised by their specific receptors. The PROSITE pattern for this family is located in a beta-strand in the central section of the protein which is conserved across all members. Short Name:  TNF_dom
Paste the following link

0 Child Features

0 Contains

3 Cross Referencess

Identifier
PF00229
PS50049
SM00207

1 Found In

DB identifier Type Name
IPR021185 Family Tumour necrosis factor family protein, CD30 ligand type

3 GO Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0005164 IPR006052
GO:0006955 IPR006052
GO:0016020 IPR006052

3 Ontology Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0005164 IPR006052
GO:0006955 IPR006052
GO:0016020 IPR006052

1 Parent Features

DB identifier Type Name
IPR008983 Domain Tumour necrosis factor-like domain

2 Proteins

DB identifier UniProt Accession Secondary Identifier Organism Name Length
62612 C1EEG2 PAC:27404810 Micromonas sp RCC299 304  
Thlar.0056s0187.1.p PAC:39506155 Thlaspi arvense 512  

13 Publications

First Author Title Year Journal Volume Pages PubMed ID
            15335677
            8095800
            1377364
            2989794
            3349526
            2777790
            2268312
            7916655
            3061461
            7505205
            8076595
            8777713
            1850405