GO:0007165
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signal transduction
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The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
GO:0007186
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G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
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A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576). |
GO:0007205
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protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
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The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG). |
GO:0043085
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positive regulation of catalytic activity
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Any process that activates or increases the activity of an enzyme. |
GO:0001932
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regulation of protein phosphorylation
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into an amino acid in a protein. |
GO:0032147
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activation of protein kinase activity
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Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive protein kinase. |
GO:0050790
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regulation of catalytic activity
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Any process that modulates the activity of an enzyme. |
GO:0045859
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regulation of protein kinase activity
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. |
GO:0051716
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cellular response to stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. |
GO:0042325
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regulation of phosphorylation
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into a molecule. |
GO:0007154
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cell communication
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Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. |
GO:0009987
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cellular process
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Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
GO:0033674
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positive regulation of kinase activity
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Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. |
GO:0044763
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single-organism cellular process
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Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. |
GO:0044699
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single-organism process
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A biological process that involves only one organism. |
GO:0008150
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biological_process
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Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. |
GO:0050896
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response to stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. |
GO:0065007
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biological regulation
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Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. |
GO:0050794
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regulation of cellular process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
GO:0080090
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regulation of primary metabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism involving those compounds formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. |
GO:0031323
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regulation of cellular metabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. |
GO:0050789
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regulation of biological process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. |
GO:0019222
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regulation of metabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. |
GO:0060255
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regulation of macromolecule metabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
GO:0043549
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regulation of kinase activity
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. |
GO:0051246
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regulation of protein metabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. |
GO:0031399
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regulation of protein modification process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein. |
GO:0051338
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regulation of transferase activity
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2. |
GO:0051174
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regulation of phosphorus metabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus. |
GO:0019220
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regulation of phosphate metabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates. |