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GO:0003824
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catalytic activity
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Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic. |
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GO:0006400
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tRNA modification
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The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically. |
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GO:0008152
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metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. |
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GO:0006412
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translation
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The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. |
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GO:0009058
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biosynthetic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones. |
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GO:0006396
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RNA processing
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Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules. |
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GO:0044237
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cellular metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. |
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GO:0006413
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translational initiation
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The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. |
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GO:0009451
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RNA modification
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The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically. |
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GO:0006807
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nitrogen compound metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium. |
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GO:0019538
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protein metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification. |
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GO:0006139
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nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process
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Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. |
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GO:0016740
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transferase activity
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Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2. |
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GO:0008033
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tRNA processing
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The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group. |
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GO:0006464
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cellular protein modification process
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The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification). |
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GO:0071704
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organic substance metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. |
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GO:0019988
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charged-tRNA amino acid modification
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The covalent alteration of an amino acid charged on a tRNA before it is incorporated into a protein, as in N-formylmethionine, selenocysteine or pyrrolysine. |
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GO:0043412
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macromolecule modification
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The covalent alteration of one or more monomeric units in a polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide, or other biological macromolecule, resulting in a change in its properties. |
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GO:0004479
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methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase activity
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Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + L-methionyl-tRNA + H2O = tetrahydrofolate + N-formylmethionyl-tRNA. |
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GO:0016742
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hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferase activity
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Catalysis of the transfer of a hydroxymethyl- or formyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). |
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GO:0071951
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conversion of methionyl-tRNA to N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA
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The modification process that results in the conversion of methionine charged on a tRNA(fMet) to N-formyl-methionine-tRNA(fMet). |
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GO:0044238
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primary metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. |
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GO:0006725
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cellular aromatic compound metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells. |
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GO:0043043
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peptide biosynthetic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptides, compounds of 2 or more (but usually less than 100) amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. This may include the translation of a precursor protein and its subsequent processing into a functional peptide. |
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GO:0016070
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RNA metabolic process
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The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. |
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GO:0044249
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cellular biosynthetic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells. |
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GO:0009059
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macromolecule biosynthetic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
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GO:0044260
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cellular macromolecule metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells. |
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GO:0006518
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peptide metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. |
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GO:0044267
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cellular protein metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification. |
