GO:0005737
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cytoplasm
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All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
GO:0008152
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metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. |
GO:0005622
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intracellular
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The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. |
GO:0006412
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translation
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The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. |
GO:0009058
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biosynthetic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones. |
GO:0044237
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cellular metabolic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. |
GO:0043231
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intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
|
Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
GO:0006807
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nitrogen compound metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium. |
GO:0005739
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mitochondrion
|
A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. |
GO:0019538
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protein metabolic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification. |
GO:0006414
|
translational elongation
|
The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis. |
GO:0071704
|
organic substance metabolic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. |
GO:0007005
|
mitochondrion organization
|
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. |
GO:0044238
|
primary metabolic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. |
GO:0043043
|
peptide biosynthetic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptides, compounds of 2 or more (but usually less than 100) amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. This may include the translation of a precursor protein and its subsequent processing into a functional peptide. |
GO:0044249
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cellular biosynthetic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells. |
GO:0009059
|
macromolecule biosynthetic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
GO:0044260
|
cellular macromolecule metabolic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells. |
GO:0006518
|
peptide metabolic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. |
GO:0016043
|
cellular component organization
|
A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. |
GO:0044267
|
cellular protein metabolic process
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification. |
GO:0009987
|
cellular process
|
Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
GO:0006996
|
organelle organization
|
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
GO:0032543
|
mitochondrial translation
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in a mitochondrion. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein; the mitochondrion has its own ribosomes and transfer RNAs, and uses a genetic code that differs from the nuclear code. |
GO:0044763
|
single-organism cellular process
|
Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. |
GO:0044699
|
single-organism process
|
A biological process that involves only one organism. |
GO:0071840
|
cellular component organization or biogenesis
|
A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. |
GO:1902589
|
single-organism organelle organization
|
An organelle organization which involves only one organism. |
GO:0008150
|
biological_process
|
Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. |
GO:0044710
|
single-organism metabolic process
|
A metabolic process - chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances - which involves a single organism. |