| Type: | Family | Name: | Tumour necrosis factor receptor 1B |
| Description: | The tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor (TNFR) superfamily comprises more than 20 type-I transmembrane proteins. Family members are defined based on similarity in their extracellular domain- a region that contains many cysteine residues arranged in a specific repetitive pattern []. The cysteines allow formation of an extended rod-like structure, responsible for ligand binding []. Upon receptor activation, different intracellular signalling complexes are assembled for different members of the TNFR superfamily, depending on their intracellular domains and sequences []. Activation of TNFRs can therefore induce a range of disparate effects, including cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, or apoptotic cell death, depending upon the receptor involved [, ]. TNFRs are widely distributed and play important roles in many crucial biological processes, such as lymphoid and neuronal development, innate and adaptive immunity, and maintenance of cellular homeostasis []. Drugs that manipulate their signalling have potential roles in the prevention and treatment of many diseases, such as viral infections, coronary heart disease, transplant rejection, and immune disease []. TNF receptor 1B (also known as TNF-R2 and CD120b antigen) is present on many cell types, especially those of myeloid origin, and is strongly expressed on stimulated T and B lymphocytes. It is the main TNF receptor found on circulating T cells and is the major mediator of autoregulatory apoptosis in CD8+ cells []. | Short Name: | TNFR_1B |
