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GO:0007165
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signal transduction
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The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
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GO:0007186
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G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
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A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576). |
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GO:0009416
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response to light stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. |
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GO:0009584
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detection of visible light
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The series of events in which a visible light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm. |
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GO:0006873
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cellular ion homeostasis
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Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ions at the level of a cell. |
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GO:0051716
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cellular response to stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. |
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GO:0007154
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cell communication
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Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. |
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GO:0009987
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cellular process
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Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
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GO:0006874
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cellular calcium ion homeostasis
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Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell. |
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GO:0044763
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single-organism cellular process
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Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. |
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GO:0044699
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single-organism process
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A biological process that involves only one organism. |
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GO:0051179
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localization
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Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to or maintained in a specific location. |
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GO:0008150
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biological_process
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Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. |
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GO:0050896
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response to stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. |
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GO:0065007
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biological regulation
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Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. |
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GO:0050794
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regulation of cellular process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
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GO:0050789
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regulation of biological process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. |
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GO:0048523
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negative regulation of cellular process
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Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
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GO:0048519
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negative regulation of biological process
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Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. |
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GO:0023052
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signaling
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The entirety of a process in which information is transmitted within a biological system. This process begins with an active signal and ends when a cellular response has been triggered. |
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GO:0044700
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single organism signaling
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A signaling process occurring within a single organism. |
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GO:0009628
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response to abiotic stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. |
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GO:0071214
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cellular response to abiotic stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. |
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GO:0009605
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response to external stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. |
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GO:0065008
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regulation of biological quality
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Any process that modulates a qualitative or quantitative trait of a biological quality. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc. |
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GO:0042592
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homeostatic process
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Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state. |
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GO:0051606
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detection of stimulus
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The series of events in which a stimulus is received by a cell or organism and converted into a molecular signal. |
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GO:0055082
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cellular chemical homeostasis
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Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a chemical at the level of the cell. |
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GO:0048878
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chemical homeostasis
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Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a chemical. |
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GO:0019725
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cellular homeostasis
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Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state at the level of the cell. |
