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GO:0006508
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proteolysis
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The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds. |
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GO:0030163
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protein catabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. |
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GO:0008152
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metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. |
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GO:0007049
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cell cycle
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The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. |
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GO:0007067
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mitotic nuclear division
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A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell. |
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GO:0051301
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cell division
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The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells. |
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GO:0044237
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cellular metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. |
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GO:0051726
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regulation of cell cycle
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Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. |
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GO:0051603
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proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process
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The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells. |
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GO:0007093
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mitotic cell cycle checkpoint
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A cell cycle checkpoint that ensures accurate chromosome replication and segregation by preventing progression through a mitotic cell cycle until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage. |
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GO:0051304
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chromosome separation
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The cell cycle process in which paired chromosomes are detached from each other. Chromosome separation begins with the release of cohesin complexes from chromosomes; in budding yeast, this includes the cleavage of cohesin complexes along the chromosome arms, followed by the separation of the centromeric regions. Chromosome separation also includes formation of chromatid axes mediated by condensins, and ends with the disentangling of inter-sister catenation catalyzed by topoisomerase II (topo II). |
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GO:0006511
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ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein. |
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GO:0019538
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protein metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification. |
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GO:0051276
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chromosome organization
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A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information. This term covers covalent modifications at the molecular level as well as spatial relationships among the major components of a chromosome. |
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GO:0043161
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proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. |
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GO:0030071
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regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the onset of anaphase (chromosome movement) in the mitotic cell cycle. |
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GO:0031145
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anaphase-promoting complex-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, with ubiquitin-protein ligation catalyzed by the anaphase-promoting complex, and mediated by the proteasome. |
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GO:0071704
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organic substance metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. |
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GO:0007096
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regulation of exit from mitosis
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Any process involved in the progression from anaphase/telophase to G1 that is associated with a conversion from high to low mitotic CDK activity. |
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GO:0042176
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regulation of protein catabolic process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. |
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GO:0000075
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cell cycle checkpoint
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A cell cycle process that controls cell cycle progression by monitoring the integrity of specific cell cycle events. A cell cycle checkpoint begins with detection of deficiencies or defects and ends with signal transduction. |
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GO:0044238
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primary metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. |
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GO:0007059
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chromosome segregation
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The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. In eukaryotes, chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles. |
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GO:0000278
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mitotic cell cycle
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Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent. |
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GO:0051302
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regulation of cell division
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of a cell into daughter cells. |
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GO:0044260
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cellular macromolecule metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells. |
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GO:0016043
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cellular component organization
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A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. |
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GO:0044267
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cellular protein metabolic process
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification. |
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GO:0009987
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cellular process
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Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
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GO:0006996
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organelle organization
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A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
