GO:0007165
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signal transduction
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The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
GO:0007186
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G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
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A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576). |
GO:0051716
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cellular response to stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. |
GO:0044070
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regulation of anion transport
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
GO:0007154
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cell communication
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Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. |
GO:0009987
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cellular process
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Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
GO:0007213
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G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway
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Any series of molecular signals initiated by an acetylcholine receptor on the surface of the target cell binding to one of its physiological ligands, and proceeding with the activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
GO:0044763
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single-organism cellular process
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Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. |
GO:0044699
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single-organism process
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A biological process that involves only one organism. |
GO:0008150
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biological_process
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Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. |
GO:0050896
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response to stimulus
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Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. |
GO:0065007
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biological regulation
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Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. |
GO:0050794
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regulation of cellular process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
GO:0050789
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regulation of biological process
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. |
GO:0023052
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signaling
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The entirety of a process in which information is transmitted within a biological system. This process begins with an active signal and ends when a cellular response has been triggered. |
GO:0044700
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single organism signaling
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A signaling process occurring within a single organism. |
GO:0023051
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regulation of signaling
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process. |
GO:0023056
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positive regulation of signaling
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Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process. |
GO:0048522
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positive regulation of cellular process
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Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
GO:0048518
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positive regulation of biological process
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Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. |
GO:0010647
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positive regulation of cell communication
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Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. |
GO:0010646
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regulation of cell communication
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. |
GO:1903530
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regulation of secretion by cell
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secretion by cell. |
GO:0032879
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regulation of localization
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. |
GO:0060341
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regulation of cellular localization
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell. |
GO:0051049
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regulation of transport
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
GO:0051046
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regulation of secretion
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue. |
GO:1903532
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positive regulation of secretion by cell
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Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of secretion by cell. |
GO:0051050
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positive regulation of transport
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Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
GO:0051047
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positive regulation of secretion
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Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue. |