| Type: | Family | Name: | Spectrin, beta subunit |
| Description: | Spectrins are involved in the support of general membrane integrity, stabilisation of cell-cell interactions, axonal growth, normal functioning of the Golgi complex and organisation of synaptic vesicles [, , ]. Spectrin is a tetrameric actin cross-linking protein, which contains two alpha and two beta subunits. Two genes for alpha-spectrin [, , ] and five for beta-spectrin have been identified in both mice and humans, each of which is alternatively spliced to produce multiple spectrin isoforms [, ]. Beta-spectrins are more diverse than alpha-spectrin, and include mammalian erythrocytic beta-spectrin, non-erythroid beta-spectrin/Fodrin (beta-G, the general form of beta-spectrin expressed in multiple tissues), a novel beta-G spectrin (ELF1-4) that lacks the C-terminal PH (pleckstrin homology) domain, the brain-specific SPTBN2, and beta-V spectrin.ELF (), a modulator of the Smad adaptor proteins involved in the TGF-beta signalling pathway, was originally identified from endodermal stem/progenitor cells committed to foregut lineage [, ]. ELF is a beta-spectrin that is important for distinct functional membrane generation, protein sorting, cell adhesion and the development of a polarized differentiated epithelial cell [, ]. ELF-deficient mice display disruption of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signalling by Smad proteins []. Evidence from null mutants of ELF confirms that ELF is a novel beta-G spectrin and not an isoform of beta-spectrins []. ELF is ubiquitinated by PRAJA, a RING finger protein (). Aberrations in Elf's involvement in Smad4 localization and subsequent activation of Smad4 could result in tumourigenesis. | Short Name: | Spectrin_bsu |
| DB identifier | Type | Name |
|---|---|---|
| IPR011993 | Domain | Pleckstrin-homology domain (PH domain)/Phosphotyrosine-binding domain (PTB) |
| IPR001715 | Domain | Calponin homology domain |
| IPR018159 | Repeat | Spectrin/alpha-actinin |
| IPR002017 | Repeat | Spectrin repeat |
| IPR001589 | Conserved_site | Actinin-type actin-binding domain, conserved site |
| IPR001605 | Domain | Pleckstrin homology domain, spectrin-type |
| GO Term | Gene Name |
|---|---|
| GO:0003779 | IPR016343 |
| GO:0005200 | IPR016343 |
| GO:0008091 | IPR016343 |
