34 Parents
| Identifier | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| GO:0003824 | catalytic activity | Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic. |
| GO:0016787 | hydrolase activity | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3. |
| GO:0006508 | proteolysis | The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds. |
| GO:0008234 | cysteine-type peptidase activity | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. |
| GO:0007165 | signal transduction | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| GO:0008152 | metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. |
| GO:0008233 | peptidase activity | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid. |
| GO:0019538 | protein metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification. |
| GO:0070011 | peptidase activity, acting on L-amino acid peptides | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds formed between L-amino acids. |
| GO:0004197 | cysteine-type endopeptidase activity | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. |
| GO:0071704 | organic substance metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. |
| GO:0004175 | endopeptidase activity | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain. |
| GO:0044238 | primary metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. |
| GO:0051716 | cellular response to stimulus | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. |
| GO:0008219 | cell death | Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as "apoptotic bodies"); and/or (3) its corpse (or its fragments) have been engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo. |
| GO:0006915 | apoptotic process | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| GO:0007154 | cell communication | Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. |
| GO:0009987 | cellular process | Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
| GO:0044763 | single-organism cellular process | Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. |
| GO:0044699 | single-organism process | A biological process that involves only one organism. |
| GO:0008150 | biological_process | Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. |
| GO:0003674 | molecular_function | Elemental activities, such as catalysis or binding, describing the actions of a gene product at the molecular level. A given gene product may exhibit one or more molecular functions. |
| GO:0050896 | response to stimulus | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. |
| GO:0043170 | macromolecule metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. |
| GO:0065007 | biological regulation | Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. |
| GO:0050794 | regulation of cellular process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. |
| GO:0050789 | regulation of biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. |
| GO:0023052 | signaling | The entirety of a process in which information is transmitted within a biological system. This process begins with an active signal and ends when a cellular response has been triggered. |
| GO:0044700 | single organism signaling | A signaling process occurring within a single organism. |
| GO:0097190 | apoptotic signaling pathway | A series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. |
45 Relations
| Relationship |
Parent Term . Identifier |
Child Term . Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| part of | GO:0097190 | GO:0097199 |
| is_a | GO:0004197 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0097190 | GO:0097199 |
| is_a | GO:0097153 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0006508 | GO:0097199 |
| is_a | GO:0070011 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0043170 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0012501 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0050789 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0019538 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0071704 | GO:0097199 |
| is_a | GO:0003674 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0051716 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0008150 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0008152 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0007165 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0044238 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0044699 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0009987 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0023052 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0008219 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0050896 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0006915 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0050794 | GO:0097199 |
| is_a | GO:0003824 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0016265 | GO:0097199 |
| is_a | GO:0004197 | GO:0097199 |
| part of | GO:0044763 | GO:0097199 |
| is_a | GO:0004175 | GO:0097199 |
| is_a | GO:0008233 | GO:0097199 |
